@CT 0 @LM 1 @RM 70 @PL 55 @TB -----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T-----T @MT 3 @MB 3 @PO 5 @PN 1 @OP @LH 6 Digitaliza‡nˇ st©edisko Olomouc - Mark‚ta Rosˇpalov  Headway - key Initial test Question 1 a. at b. on c. to learn d. Their e. for f. since g. who h. are i. other j. in Mrs Stoppard's class k. has l. as m. an earlier train n. does o. would be p. there is q. said r. what people are interested in s. ask t. will start Question 2 a. lend b. earns c. journey d. cost e. bring f. game g. fell h. telling i. waste j. room Question 3 a. When did they arrive? b. How long did he stay at the hotel? c. What are you thinking about? d. How many daughters hns he got? e. Where do they usually have lunch? f. How often do you go abroad? g. How long have you worked here? h. What does "to chop" mean? i. What sort of soup would you like? j. Who discovered America? Question 4 Sample answers a. Excuse me! Could you tell me where there is a bank? b. Five tens and the rest in fives, please. c. I'm afraid I haven't got the money today, but I can pay you tomorrow. d. Excuse me! I asked for a black coffee. e. Could I have a look at your newspaper? f. I'm having a party at my house on Saturday. Would you like to come? g. That's very kind of you, but I'm afraid I can't make it. h. Can you change this for me? i. Well, it's summer there at the moment, and it gets very hot, so take clothes that will keep you cool. j. Could you recommend a good English dictionary for me, please? UNIT 1 Exercise 1 1 j. Present Simple 2 g. Present Perfect Continuous 3 h. Present Perfect Simple 4 e. Past Simple passive 5 a. Present Continuous 6 f. Present Continuous passive 7 b. Past Simple 8 d. Past Continuous 9 i. Present Perfect passive 10 c. Present Simple passive Exercise 2 a. was kidnapped b. has been released c. was examined d. is said e. was found f. saw g. contacted h. was told i. has been found j. is being questioned Exercise 3 a. You will be given your tickets at the airport. b. I was asked a lot of questions about my background. c. Airline passengers are usually shown how to use a life jacket at the beginning of the flight. d. If you are offered a cheap camera, don't buy it. e. He has been given six months to live. f. You will be told what you have to do when you arrive. g. I was advised by my parents to spend some time abroad before looking for work. h. I have been told a lot about you. i. At interviews, you are asked quite searching questions. j. In a few years' time I will be sent to our New York office. Exercise 4 a. What do you think What are you thinking b. I'm expecting I expect c. He appears Roy Pond is appearing d. Something smells Why are you smelling e. the meat weighs Why are you weighing f. I see She's seeing g. I'm having He has h. It looks Are you looking i. You're guessing I guess j. What are you thinking How much do you think Exercise 5 Sample answers a. since b. use, operation e. involved d. more e. improving f. human g. are h. accuracy i. so j. part, role k. make l. mistakes, errors m. back n. ever o. replaced Exercise 7 1 e 2 c 3 a 4 d 5 b 6 f Exercise 8 a. for ... in b. on c. with d. to e. about f. at g. at h. of i. of j. about UNIT 2 Exercise 1 Sample answers a. Yes. She's been to a lot of places, and done a lot of things in her life. b. She has been writing for thirty-four years. c. She's written short stories, poems and novels. d. She's been to France, Germany, Italy, India, the Far East and America. e. At the age of six, she wrote some short stories about animals. After the publication of her collection of poems she went to France and Germany. Atter her mother died, she went to Italy. While she was at university, she got married for the first time. While she was in her mid-twenties, her second novel was published. After her first marriage ended in divorce, she went to India and the Far East. Three years later she went to America. She got married for the second time at the age of thirty-four. Soon after moving to her present home in Hastings, she began writing her autobiography. f. It lasted for seven years. g. She has been married for six years. h. She has been living there for three years. i. She has been writing her autobiography for two years Exercise 2 a. How long have you been living there? b. How long have you heen playing tennis? c. How long have you known him? d. How long have you been working there? e. How long have you had it? Exercise 3 a. When did you move there? b. How old were you when you started playing? c. Where did you meet him? d. Why did you decide to work in Italy? e. How much did you pay for it? Exercise 4 a. I'm writing b. You've been sitting c. I've decided d. You've only been doing it e. I've been offered f. I've always wanted g. I don't like h. do you know i. You've never been j. are living k. I've been trying l. I've been m. I've been turned down n. you've been applying o. I hope Exercise 5 Sample answers a. I've known her for two months. b. I've been learning for three years. c. Yes, I have. I've learned Spanish and Russian. d. No, I haven't been to the cinema for weeks. e. No, I haven't. f. I've spent five pounds. g. It's been very warm and sunny. h. Yes, I have. I went to America a few weeks ago, actually. Exercise 6 a. They offered him the job. b. He sent the novel to ten well-known publishers. c. Mrs Brown teaches us French three times a week. d. Her grandfather left her five thousand pounds in his will. e. The doctor is going to give the baby an injection. f. I decided to write a letter of complaint to the editor of The Times. g. She lent me a pen. h. He took it to her. i. She showed the letter to anyone that was interested. Sample answers j. The Director introduced the new teacher to the students. k. She described the criminal to the police. l. I explained the situation to the manager, m. I reported the theft to the police. n. She suggested an idea to her friends. Exercise 7 storrup = glaimy (real word is hectic) tragoon = zooly (real word is axe) grumfit = pawdry (ieal woid is dreary) huckled = mag (real word is squeeze) histit = bagshot (real word is rumour) scrummy = blotchermer (real word is pebble) Exercise 8 a. out of b. away c. back d. up e. over f. out g. out h. in i. out of j. off UNIT 3 Exercise 1 Sample answers a. to find b. opening c. to tell d. working e. being f. in finishing g. having h. him i. manage to j. in employing k. to send 1. what to do m. to leave n. anyone o. to say p. to rain q. to bring r. to catch s. to say t. made him Exercise 2 a. I was sorry to learn that your aunt had died. b. He was anxious to know where we had been. c. She was amazed to find that her husband was still alive. d. I am disappointed to see that you're still smoking. e. He was shocked to learn that he had nearly died. Exercise 3 Sample answers I want you to pick up the books - put away the clothes - make the bed - wash your face, etc. She told them to pick up the books - put away the clothes, etc. She asked them to make the bed - have a wash, etc. She made them pick up the books - put away the clothes, etc. Exercise 4 a. She admitted driving too fast through the town. b. He offered to lend me some money. c. He advised his daughter to accept the job. d. He invited us to have a holiday in his country cottage. e. She made me pay for the damage I had done. f. She stopped smoking three years ago. g. We stopped to buy some petrol. h. I forgot to buy food for dinner, so we had to go out. i. But I remembered to feed the cat. j. I tried to learn the piano for years, but I was never very good. Exercise 5 a. I don't want to. b. I'd love to, but I'm afraid I can't. c. But you promised to! d. You're not allowed to. e. You told me to. f. He didn't ask me to. Exercise 6 Sample answers a. To learn English. b. To make it taste better. c. To lose weight. d. To book a holiday. To look for a new house. To buy a bottle of wine. To bet some money on a horse. To get married. To borrow a book. Exercise 7 Sample answers Horse riding is good fun. I had a ride on Jane's horse. Drinking too much alcohol is bad for you. Would you like to have a drink? Looking for a new house can be very frustrating. Have a look at this photograph. Do you recognize who it is? I hate washing up. I'll just have a wash, then I'll be ready. I try to avoid quarrelling with anybody. Listen! They're having a quarrel! Walking in the early morning is one of life's great pleasures. We had a lovely walk this morning. Exercise 9 a. for b. in c. of d. between e. for f. to g. about h. with i. into j. for UNIT 4 Exercise 1 Sample answers a. What sort of film is Survival of the Fittest? b. Who's in it? c. Who is it directed by? d. What did Brian Henderson say about it? e. Who said "This is a fllm you mustn't miss"? f. Where is it on? g. How many times a day is it on? h. When is there a late night show? i. What is Anderson International advertising for? j. What's the salary? k. What sort of company is Anderson International? l. How many people does it employ? m. What sort of person are they looking for? n. What should you do if you're interested in the job? o. When was the house built? p. What sort of house is it? q. What sort of condition is it in? r. How long is the garden? s. How far is it to the shops and the tube? t. How long does it take to get to Central London? Exercise 2 a. What's she talking about? b. What are you waiting for? c. Who does he work for? d. Who are you writing to? e. Who was she angry with? f. Who does the house belong to? g. Who's the letter for? h. Who did you stay with? Exercise 3 Sample answers a. I wonder how long it took him I'd like to know why he did it. b. I wonder why he's resigned. I can't imagine who's going to succeed him. c. We don't know how old he is. I wonder how he does it. d. Nobody knows how he did it. I wonder where he's gone to. e I wonder when they'll get it. I'd like to know why the government have decided to give them a rise. Exercise 4 a 4 b 6 c 8 d 2 e 7 f 5 g 1 h 10 i 9 j 3 Exercise 5 a. of b. for ... for c. with ... for d. for e. of f. of g. with h. from ... to i. about j. to k. at l. for Exercise 6: Ways of looking a. watch ... face b. stare c. glance d. notice e. gazed Exercise 6: Ways of speaking Sample answers a. People scream if they are frightened, or very excited. b. People cheer when they are happy, or when thcy want to encourage someone, for example, at a football match. c. People swear when they hit their finger with a hammer. d. People groan when they are in pain. e. People cry when they are very upset. Answers to Revision Test (1) Question 1 a. to b. be c. refused d. was sent e. riding f. why g. did h. would be able to i. him j. not k. looking l. was asked m. being n. have been writing o. haven't received p. getting q. leaving r. has been treated s. Going t. has done Question 2 At last I have arrived here in New York! I'm very excited - everything is so big, and people move so fast. I'm sure I'll enjoy it very much. At the moment I'm staying in a hotel. It's quiet, so I sleep all right, not too expensive, and near the centre, which is very convenient. I'm thinking of looking for a small flat to rent. I would prefer to live in a flat rather than in a hotel. I don't think hotels are very nice places to stay for more than a few days, and in a flat you are more independent. I haven't told you about my job. I'm working three days a week as a receptionist at another hotel near this one, called the Metropole. A lot of people who work in the hotel are Spanish or German, and their English isn't very good, either! Yesterday I bought the book you asked me to get. When do you want me to send it? Let me know. Write to me soon: I'm looking forward to hearing from you. Question 3 a. I like watching horror films very much. b. But I am usually in bed when they are on. c. I went to the bookshop to buy a collection of short stories that a friend of mine had recommended. d. She gave her husband a silk tie for his birthday last year. e. I don't understand why you didn't tell me immediately. f. Most English families have a newspaper delivered to their house every morning. g. I can never remember where I have put the letters that I have to reply to. h, I'll check the report carefully this afternoon in my office. i. They're getting married at three o'clock on Saturday afternoon in the small church where my wife and I were married. j. I thought she spoke five languages fluently, but apparently she only speaks three. Question 4 Sample answers a. What did Walter Davidson see by the road? b. What did he do when he saw her? c. What was the weather like? d. What had happened to her? e. Who did he contact? f. Why did he contact him? g. How many other people had seen the girl? h. Why didn't Ian Nicholson report what he'd seen to the police? i. Did the salesman stop when he saw the body? j. Who told Mr Wright what had happened three hundred years earlier? Question 5 a. disappeared h. isolated c. stopped suddenly d. cruel e. he was shaking f. carefully g. shocked h. without success i. nearly j. extraordinary Question 7 to disbelieve; useless; illegal; to unpack; unimportance; unreliable; inefficiency; nonsense; to dislike; unnecessary; impolite; to disappear; painless; inexperienced; to disapprove; to unlock; untidy; immature; dishonest; inaccurate; harmful; to disagree; disadvantage; improbable; irresponsible. Question 8 Odd man out a. work b. though c. home d. barn e. phone f. owned g. lower h. build i. down j. worse k. prove l. foot m. weak n. north i. height p. want q. lose r. rough s. shone t. scorry u. wood v. cows w. said x. doll y. wrong z. pear UNIT 5 Exercise 1 a. were standing b. stood c. studied d. was studying e. was raining f. rained g. was thinking h. thought i. were you doing j. did you do k. did you do l. were you doing m. was dying n. died Exercise 2 Sample answers a. Because she had lost his keys. b. He had spent it all on cars and women. c. because she had stolen from her employer. d. He had just had some awful news. e. Because he had got lost on the way to the church f. I had seen her somewhere before. g. although I had spent weeks revising. h. who had just been awarded a scholarship to university. i. because I had never flown before j. His car had been completely wrecked. Exercise 3 a. had read b. had been reading c. had been playing d. had never played e. had cooked f. had been working Exercise 4 a. didn't recognize ... hadn't seen b. had finished ... went c. arrived ... had gone c. had eaten ... got e. had been awarded ... was f. died ... had reigned g. was touched ... had looked h. wrote ... had not arrived i. came ... had broken j. refused ... had been Exercise 5 c. Essential d. Essential e. Optional f. Essential g. Essential h. Essential i. Essential j. Optional Exercise 6 a. was driving b. overtook c. was travelling d. was going e. have never seen f. saw g. had crashed h. had swerved i. Have you spoken j. arrived k. was trying l. has - had been drinking m. has broken Exercise 7 11, 4, 1, 2, 8, 9, 7, 6, 5, 3, 10, 12, 13 Sample answers Mr Barron was reunited with his children after he had had a phone call from Bernadette. Mr Barron discovered where they were staying after a friend of his wife had phoned. As soon as Bernadette had written the note, the children left home. When they had all had breakfast, Mr Barron said he hoped his wife would come back soon. Exercise 10 a. for ... from ... to b. at c. During ... at d. in ... on e. since f. Until g. by h. in i. at j. At UNIT 6 Exercise 1 a. Some ... any b. some ... any c. some d. some ... any e. any f. any g. some h. any i. some j. any Exercise 2 a. anywhere b. anyone c. someone d. anything e. somewhere f. anything g. somewhere h. somewhere i. nobody j. Everything Exercise 3 a. There isn't much employment for school leavers. b. He couldn't give me many details. c. When I moved into my flat, I had very little furniture. d. There isn't much accommodation to rent in this town. e. I haven't got much luggage. It's in the boot. f. I had a few minutes to spare, so I browsed round a bookshop. g. Very few experiments have been done to find out the cause. h. It's very quiet in my area. There isn't much traffic. Exercise 4 a. There are a few left in the tin. b. I have little time for relaxation. c. Few people give more to charity. d. There's a little butter e. he has little chance of success f. you need a few fillings g. but few of them ever worked properly h. She just had a little soup Exercise 5 Sample answers a. Women have less free time than men. b, Men do very little housework. c. Hardly any men do any washing or ironing. d. Only one man in twenty prepares the evening meal. e. Seventeen per cent of men wash the dishes in the evening. f. Most repairs in the household are done by men. g. Britons have more money now than ten years ago. h. Britons smoke fewer cigarettes, and are eating healthier foods. i. Spain is the most popular place to go on holiday. j. There were four times as many divorces among husbands in unskilled manual jobs as among professional classes. k. Fewer than two in five divorced women were receiving maintenance from thcir former husbands. l. There were fewer marriages in 1983 than in 1982. Exercise 6 a. are b. Britain c. working d. time e. than f. on g. The h. likely i. a j. Sunday k. newspapers l. In m. adults n. holiday o. risen Exercise 8 a. injured b. wound c. pain ... hurts d. injured e. aches f. wounded g. painful h. hurts Exercise 10 a. by ... on b. in c. in d. On e. on ... under f. in g. in h. for i. in ... in j. in UNIT 7 Exercise 1 a. I'll look it up in the directory b. We're going to rest. c. It will - is going to be cold at first, then it will - is going to get a little warmer this afiernoon, and this evening there'll be some light showers. d. We're going to modernize it ... we're going to turn it e. what will - is your party do - going to do about unemployment ... as we most certainly will be, we are going to create f. I'll give her a ring ... I'll - I'm going to be late g. We'll cross h. What are you going to call it Exercise 2 Corrected mistakes a. I'll get a cloth b. What will you do - are you going to do - are you doing c. I'm going back to university d. Will I disturb - be disturbing you e. I'll miss my appointment f. I'll do - I'm going to do a retraining scheme Exercise 3 a. I'm coming b. I'm going to see - I'm seeing c. Will you be - are you d. I won't be e. I'm going f. are you going g. is opening h. are you going i. I'm not back - I won't be back j. does your plane get in k. I'll be - I could be 1. I'll see m. We'll have finished n. I'll see you Exercise 4 a. He'll be working ... he won't hear b. it may - might - could rain c. we won't disturb - be disturbing ... She won't be working d. it might - could work e. She won't come f. They may - might not like g. the plane will be delayed h. and might bite i. what will happen ... I'll go ... she'll be having a bath or doing her hair ... I'll have to wait j. Suzy will be wearing Exercise 5 a. I won't be ... there is b. won't go ... they have had c. You'll phone ... you go d. When are you going When I've finished ... It'll take e. you don't hurry ... we'll be f. I'll come ... you find - have found g. you'll feel ... you've taken h. We'll have ... the guests arrive - have arrived i. You won't forget ... you go j. I won't let ... I've been told Exercise 6 a. about b. in c. from d. to ... about e. to - with f. on g. in h. to i. about j. to ... about Exercise 7 1 i 2 l 3 f 4 j 5 k 6 g 7 c 8 a 9 d 10 e 11 b 12 h 13 m UNIT 8 Exercise 1 a. (nothing) b. that c. who d. which e. where f. (nothing) g. who h. (nothing) i. that j. which k. that ... which l. whose m. who n. which o. (nothing) Exercise 2 Sample answers a. I've ever met. b. that doesn't need any work doing to it c. I cook d. that I usually go to e. who make too much noise. f. who don't thank you Exercise 3 a. My wife, who works as a journalist, is an excellent cook. b. My daughter, who works in New York, is getting married soon. (I have one daughter.) My daughter who works in New York is getting married soon. (I have more than one daughter.) c. The engagement, which was announced last week, came as a bit of a shock. d. The man she's getting married to is an artist. e. It doesn't seem to me that artists are the kind of people who can be relied on to provide an income. f. Artists who are unproductive are not much use to anyone. (Only those artists who are unproductive; not all artists. ) Artists, who are unproductive, are not much use to anyone. (All artists are unproductive.) g. My daughter has been married once before, which means she should know what she's doing. h. Her previous marriage, which ended in divorce, was to a Spaniard. i. Her mother and father-in-law, who were always exceptionally kind, were very upset when the marriage broke down. j. The children who spoke Spanish went to live with their father after the divorce. (Not all the children- only those that spoke Spanish.) The children, who spoke Spanish, went to live with their father after the divorce. (All the children spoke Spanish.) Exercise 4 Sample answer The job that I have recently started is as a sales representative with a company that produces garden furniture. The company, called "Sunnosit", is based in Thornton, a small town in the Midlands. The area manager, who has been with the company for over thirty years, is due to retire next year, which means I might get his job if I do well. One great advantage is having a company car, which I have to have, because the job involves visiting different parts of the country. My colleagues, who I get on well with, are quite ambitious, which means the atmosphere at work is rather competitive. I don't mind. Apart from that, the job is fine. Exercise 5 a. disgusting b. interested c. annoying d horrified e. embarrassing f. satisfied g. confused h. shocking i. disappointing j. amazing Exercise 6 a. The train standing at platform 6 b. People living in high-rise blocks c. The money given to old-age pensioners d. The man sent to repair my central heating e. My aunt, knowing how much I liked chocolates, bought me Exercise 7 a. hiding b. standing ... looking c. crying d. hidden e. saying f. wanting g. Growing h. stealing i. stolen j. injuring ... tearing Exercise 8 a. terribly - awfully b. absolutely c. rather - quite d. rather - terribly e. absolutely f. terribly - awfully ... rather - quite ... quite - totally g. absolutely ... rather - terribly h. terribly - awfully i. rather - terribly - awfully j. terribly - awfully Exercise 9 This elegant garden trolley is a must for every household! Designed by our master craftsmen in Italy and manufactured in Germany, this trolley will grace your garden, and be the envy of your neighbours! It's everything you need in a trolley - light and easy to steer, yet strong and weather- proof, with its frame made of reinforced, long-lasting plastic and its top deck finished in non-scratch vinyl. It has two levels for the food, glasses, crockery, cutlery, and the rest. The integral bottle recess could even be filled with ice to keep the drinks chilled. For the winter months, it can be folded away, but you'll be tempted to use it indoors! Measures 30" x 24.5" x 30". Exercise 11 a. a three-hour walk b. a fifty-thousand pound house c. a twenty-five minute programme d. a five-hour wait e. a five-star hotel f. a sixty-minute cassette g. a sixty-watt bulb Exercise 12 a. against b. out of c. beside d. beneath e. below f. behind g. on to h. towards i. over j. among k. over ... across l. above Answers to Revision Test (2) Question 1 Sample answers a. who b. settled c. had been trying d. several e. which f. until g. had been h. which i. few j. has been developed k who l. some m. covered n. will find o. may - might - could p. offering q. will have been completed r. little Question 2 a. I asked the receptionist for help, but he couldn't give me any information. b. I had a very nice day yesterday. I didn't have to go to work because it was my day off, so I went to see some friends instead. c. Jeremy Peterson, the Hollywood actor, died at home yesterday. He had been ill since 1985, and had had several operations. d. A What are you doing tonight? B Nothing. Why? A Would you like to go out for a meal? B What a lovely idea! Where shall we go? A It's a surprise. I'll pick you up at 7.00. Is that all right? B Fine! How exciting! A If you aren't ready, I'll go without you. B Don't worry. I'll be ready. e. The film was absolutely wonderful. I was so excited. I had no idea how it was going to end. f. Put your money somewhere safe. You might lose it if you aren't careful. g. I've had so little spare time recently - I think I've forgotten how to relax. h. I'm sure that's the man whose car I bumped into last week. He didn't stop to give me his address, which I found very strange. After all, the accident was my fault. i. The weather forecast said it's going to rain tomorrow. If it does, we won't be able to go out. Never mind. The forecast might be wrong. It often is. Question 3 a. B b. A c. C d. B e. A f. C g. B h. A i. C j. C Question 4 Skyway Tours Ltd., 117 Brompton Court Road, Cambridge CB2 4JK 19 October 1986 Mr James Bradley, The Towers, Homefield Road, Little Chalfont, Buckinghamshire GR4 8QJ Dear Mr Bradley, Thank ynu for your letter of 3 October, which was forwarded to me by Sheila Brown of our Complaints Department, to whom you wrote regarding your recent holiday on the Caribbean island of St Lucia. I was sorry to learn that the holiday was not to your satisfaction, and having made certain enquiries, I must admit that your reasons for complaint seem well-founded. I personally got in touch with Mr Peter Thompson, the manager of The Plaza Hotel, where you stayed with your wife and children, and he informed me that your room had not been prepared to our normal high standard. I understand the laundry service was inadequate because the washing machine broke down. Its motor has now been replaced. This would explain why your wife's clothes were damaged. Regarding the play area which you saw advertised in our brochure, it had apparently not been possible to complete this on time, which explains why there was a lot of builders' material in the area near the swimming pool. I was sorry to learn of your children's accident, and I hope they have recovered from their injuries. In view of all these misfortunes, I hope you will accept my sincere apologies and a refund of half the total cost of your holiday. Yours sincerely, Malcolm Green Director Question 5 a. reliable b. plain c. fine d. swallow e. plaster f. stitches g. stroke h. shiver i. sunburnt j. wise k. grateful l. batteries m. sale n. whole o. resources p. pressure q. rises ... sets r. stare s. ancestors t. nightmare u. vineyard v. leisure w. bad-tempered x. well-behaved y. addicted z. cereals Question 6 continent 1 Indian 1 bilingual 4 Chinese 3 experience 2 competitive 2 creative 4 developed 4 accurate 1 vegetable 1 biography 2 January 1 colleague 5 successful 4 managed 5 emergency 2 interesting 1 vehicle 1 stability 2 wondered 5 departure 4 several 5 chemical 1 convenient 2 disease 3 ancestors 1 recipe 1 statistics 4 medicine 5 literature 1 depressed 3 UNIT 9 Exercise 1 a. He can't have retired yet. b. He can't be very well off. c. He might have spent all his money when he was younger. d. He must do a lot of gardening. e. He must have read a lot of books about gardening. f. He must be working in his garden. g. He might be talking to Miss Appleby. h. No, it can't be Miss Appleby. i. They might be having an argument. j. Harry might owe the other man some money. k. They must have gone inside. l. Harry must have killed him! m. It can't have been Harry who was shot. n. This must be the police arriving. o. They must have been making a film! Exercise 2 You can't have seen Alice in town yesterday. She went abroad last week. You can't have been served in a restaurant by Tessa. She's a school-teacher. Sheila must be thinking of moving. There's a For Sale notice up outside her house. Anita must have got engaged to Alan. I saw her looking at wedding rings yesterday. Pat can't have hurt her leg. I've just seen her playing tennis. Jenny can't be going out with Tom. She told me she didn't like him. Mary must be having her flat decorated. There's a strong smell of paint coming from next door. Exercise 3 Sample answers a. The father must hope that his son will be more responsible. b They might want to see if their relationship will last. c. He must be mentally disturbed. d. The surgeon must be his mother. Exercise 4 a. might - could have b. might - could have c. must have d. must have e. might - could be f. might - could be g. must be h. can't have i. must have j. might not have k. may - might - could be Exercise 5 Sample answers 1 The husband of a teenage girl must have written the letter. His daughter must be staying out late at night. He must have told his daughter to get home earlier. He might have said that if she doesn't, she'll have to leave home. 2 It must have been written by a woman who is about to get married to a man who has unpleasant eating habits and bad breath. 3 It must have been written by a woman whose husband keeps putting off doing jobs around the house. 4 It must have been written by a lonely girl, probably a teenager. Her friends might have been unkind to her. Exercise 6 a - 5 b - 2 c - 8 d - 3 e - 4 f - 9 g - 1 h - 7 i - 6 j - 10 a. we talked it over b. We tried it out c. I've really gone off it d. call if off e. Why don't you give it up? f. I'll look into it g. You'll soon get over it h. to turn it down i. you look after it j. I can't work it out Exercise 7 Sample answers sir - a waiter or taxi driver mate - a friend or a shop keeper old boy - a friend or colleague guv'nor - a taxi driver, especially in London Doctor - his patients Richard - his wife, colleagues or friends Dick - this is a nickname, so a close friend. Daddy - his children Pop - his children (especially American) Crandpa his grandchildren Mr Henderson - anyone in a formal situation Henderson - a colleague (this is quite old-fashioned now) ma'am - a waiter or (high-class) shop keeper luv - a bus conductor or market-stall holder dear - her husband or a close friend darling - her husband Elizabeth - friends or colleagues Liz - this is a nickname, so a close friend Mummy - her children Mum - her children, perhaps older children Mom - her children (especially American) Gran - her grandchildren Miss - the children in her class at work Mrs Henderson - anyone in a formal situation UNIT 10 Exercise 1 a. big-headed b. moody c. cheerful d. dishonest e. lazy f. loyal g. obstinate h. rude i. unsociable j. naive Exercise 2 Sample answers a. She always looks on the bright side of everything. b. He's always slurping his soup. c. He'll risk everything and go off travelling for six months at a time. d. They're always inviting us in for a meal. e. When she brushes her teeth, she'll leave the tap running until the sink overflows. f. He smiles and laughs from morning till night. g. She's got a word to say to everyone. h. You're always complaining about everything I do. i. He just can't look people in the eye. Exercise 3 Sample answers a. If he had some sweets, he wouldn't give any away. b. She used to leave her room in a terrible mess. c. Sometimes she'd go off on a hike for the whole day. d. His parents used to give him everything he asked for. e. One of them always used to be in some play or other f. She'd give them especially good marks. g. If you dropped anything on the carpet, she'd make you clean it up. h. I used to play for my school at all sorts of sports. Exercise 4 Sample answers a. My grandfather would sit in his rocking chair b. My grandmother would get very cross c. She'll get the lead and she'll tug at my trousers d. But she will run in other people's gardens and pull up their flowers. e. we would be cut off for weeks on end, and we'd have to live f. she'll take the batteries out g. But then she will forget where she put the batteries. h. He'd buy me flowers every Friday, and he'd write poems Exercise 5 a. 3 b. 3 c. 2 d. 1 e. 1 f. 1 g. 2 h. 3 i. 1 j. 1 k. 1 l. 3 m. 1 n. 1 o. 3 Exercise 6 a. take b. that c. breakfast d. enough e. empty f. made g. before h. much i. depended j. supper k. rubbing l. became - grew - got m. so n. return Exercise 7 a. get used b. got divorced c. getting married d. get lost e. are lost f. is getting ready have been ready g. am getting better slowly h. was not used am used i. got to know j. aren't used k. Getting divorced l. is better - is getting better Exercise 8 a. to waste time - food - money - energy - an opportunity - paper to spend time - money b. strange person - behaviour - country odd number - socks - man out - jobs c. common cold - sense - knowledge plain face - clothes - paper - food d. big nose - mistake - decision - man - building great man - writer - friend e. fast car - worker - lane of a motorway - food restaurant quick meal - temper Exercise 10 a. out of b. on with c. down on d. away from e. back on f. down on g. up to h. out of i. up against j. up to k. in with l. away with UNIT 11 Exercise 1 Sample answers a. He shouldn't have been driving home. He should have taken a taxi. b. He shouldn't have tried to stop the man. He should have let him go. c. She should have fastened her bag. She shouldn't have left it unattended. d. You shouldn't have left it in your car. You should have shut the window. e. She should have bought a ticket. She shouldn't have got on the train without one. f. They shouldn't have let their son play with matches. They should have insured their house. Exercise 2 Sample answers If he had been looking where he was going, he would have seen the dog. If he had seen the dog, he wouldn't have tripped over it. If he hadn't bumped into the child, the ice cream wouldn't have dropped. If the ice cream hadn't dropped on to the ground, he wouldn't have slipped on it. If the man hadn't fallen off the ladder, the paint wouldn't have fallen on to the policeman. Exercise 3 a. go ... will write b. are watered ... die c. were ... would go d. are ... will be stopped e. had been sitting ... would have been killed f. don't like ... is undercooked g. don't hurry ... will get h. had ... would disappear i. was ... would look j. we had gone ... it would have been ... we would have k. she had been wearing ... she wouldn't have been hurt l. see ... I'll give m. could ... I would open n. I hadn't been ill ... she hadn't been the doctor ... we wouldn't have met ... we wouldn't have got married ... our children wouldn't have been born o. you are able - have been able ... are Exercise 4 Sample answers a. I wish the weather was nicer. b. I wish we could go swimming. c. I wish we hadn't gone to the Ritz. d. I wish there was something to do in the evening. e. I wish we had a television. f. I wish we had gone to Spain. g. I wish they hadn't persuaded me to come to Westby. h. I wish the children didn't - wouldn't keep asking me for money. i. I wish my wife would help with the children. j. I wish we didn't have to get up at 7.00. Exercise 5 Sample answers If he knew how to behave at interviews, he might get a job. If he didn't smoke so much, he would be able to go to football matches. He wishes he could go abroad. Exercise 7 a. in b. to c. at d. of e. on f. from g. for h. for i. to j. about - of k. to l. with m. of n. on o. from UNIT 12 Exersise 1 a. A b. the c. a d. a e. (nothing) f. The g. the h. (nothing) i. the j. (nothing) k. the l. the m. the n. The o. the p. the q. (nothing) r. a s. A t. a u. the v. the w. a x. a y. (nothing) Exercise 2 a. lamb b. a lamb c. a cake d. cake e. very fine cloth f. a cloth ... tea g. a talk ... the Russian revolution h. talk i. Service j. The Health Service k. The Times l. Time and tide m. poetry n. a poem o. ice p. The ice Exercise 3 a. a b. the c. a ... The ... (nothing) ... the d. a e. the... a f. a ... the ...(nothing) ... a ... the g. the h. A ... a ... (nothing) i. The ... a ... the ... (nothing) ... (nothing) ... the j. the ... (nothing) Exercise 4 a. you've got lovely fingers b. interested in history c. What lovely weather d. Some people came to see but the people who saw it on Sunday morning e. to buy some bread at the shops f. in bad weather g. The people who live h. about unemployment Exercise 5 a. ten pence a pound b. fifteen thousand pounds a year c. thirty miles an hour d. three pills a day e. eighty pounds a night f. forty cigarettes a day g. one pound ninety a gallon h. two pounds fifty a metre i. five flights a day Exercise 6 a. (nothing) b. the c. (nothing) d. a e. the f. (nothing) g. (nothing) h. (nothing) ... (nothing) i. a j. (nothing) k. (nothing) l. an m. the n. the Exercise 7 a. The same b. Not the same c. Not the same d. Not the same e. Not the same f. The same g. Not the same h. Not the same i. go-ahead j. outlook k. drawback l. upbringing m. outcry n. breakthrough o. break-up Exercise 9 a. out of b. in c. for d. On e. In f. In g. out of h. at i. on ... by j. on Answers to Revision Test (3) Question 1 Sample answers a. who b. get c. a d. must e. missing f. had hit g. would - might - could have killed h. the i. used j. should k. of l. were ordered m. on n. could o. would p. would q. used r. must s. had told t. used Question 2 a. C b. B c. D d. A e. D f. A g. B h. A i. D j. B k. C l. C m. D n. C o. A p. B q. D r. A s. C t. B u. D v. C w. B x. D y. C z. B Question 3 Sample answers a. I suggest that you should cut down on your spending b. I wish you had told me that I'd upset you. c. Your car might have been stolen. d. You should be working. e. He's getting used to working at night. f. He apologized for being late. g. This is the first time I've seen this film. h. I can't run as fast as Peter. i. She asked me if I had done that sort of work before. j. She can't have done it on purpose. Question 4 a. endless b. misunderstanding c. uneconomical d. astonishing e. comparison f. competitors g. unexplored h. poverty i. speciality j. carelessness Question 5 Sample answers a. Thank you for your letter, which arrived yesterday. b. As I'm sure you can imagine, we have been very busy recently, having just moved into our new house. c. We are slowly settling in, although it will be a long time before everything is finished. d. Jack is putting down the living room carpet at the moment, and tonight we are having a house-warming party. e. I was sorry to hear you couldn't come. If we had told you earlier, you could have put off your mother's visit. f. You said in your letter that you'd like to visit us in the summer. g. I'm sure we will have finished all the things we want to do in the house by then. h. We have seen exactly the kind of carpet we want to put upstairs, and we are going to buy it tomorrow. Question 6 a. away ... at b. up ... out ... at c. on ... on ... out d. of ... from e. of ... on f. to ... in g. from ... in h. of ... at ... in i. on ... by j. out k. for ... on ... up l. across ... at ... out m. against ... down n. in ... with ... about o. up ... to p. up ... for, ... off ... for ... of q. with ... back ... back r. across ... with ... on s. for ... to t. in ... with ... on Question 7 Corrections a. countries b. anniversary c. consistent d. travelled c. accommodation f. planned g. current h. passed i. bathing j. quarrelling k. helpful l. allowed m. practice n. suffering Question 8 Stressed words a. did b. I c. John d. ages e. told f. You g. in h. New York i. I j. didn't k. soon l. going m. been n. sons o. three ... one